Devel

Essential module for developers. Should be disabled in production environments.

Security Kit

"Module provides Drupal installation with various security hardening options. This lets your mitigate the risks of exploitation of different web application vulnerabilities."

Wysiwyg

The WYSIWYG module is my favorite for rich text editing in Drupal 6 and Drupal 7. (In Drupal 8, WYSIWYG is in core.) Here's how I set it up.

Better Formats

The best part about this module is that each role can have a default text format.

Drupal 7 core allows for reordering the formats in the UI, thus picking a default too. However, there is no role based ordering, as there is with the Better Formats module.